Learn / Ask The Landscape Professional
Now that winter is upon us and my house is closed up tight, I'm wondering if I could use houseplants to improve the air quality? Kathy
Answer
Absolutely. We often think about air pollution and the
quality of the air outside our houses, but the air quality inside our houses is often
worse, especially in the winter when windows and doors are shut. Volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) are the source of toxins that show up in your home that affect
the quality of air that you breathe. VOCs are carbon-based chemicals that easily
evaporate ("off-gas") from a number of products in our homes. Common products
that off-gas VOCs: paints, solvents, varnish, cosmetics, moth balls, carpets,
adhesives, cleaning chemicals, disinfectants, nail polish remover and gasoline (to
name a few). While there are literally thousands of VOCs, a few of the most common
are: benzene, formaldehyde, and trichloroethylene, xylene and toluene and ammonia.
A partial list of where these VOCs come from - Benzene is found in pesticides,
detergents, rubber and plastics. Formaldehyde is off-gassed from building materials,
glues, paints, dishwashing liquids, fertilizers and cigarette smoke. Trichloroethylene
is often an ingredient in paint strippers, spot removers and fluids used in dry cleaning
and rug cleaning. Xylene and toluene come from the use of paints, paint thinners,
adhesives, synthetic fragrances, nail polish and cigarette smoke. Ammonia is used
in many household cleaners and is used to make fertilizers. Measurements of VOCs
in outside air and air inside houses show that concentrations of VOCs inside of your
house can be up to 5 times higher than those outside. When the weather will allow it,
open your windows to ventilate and exchange some of the inside air with outside air.
House plants will also help. Over twenty five years ago, NASA conducted a study
looking at indoor plants for indoor air pollution abatement. The results showed that
there are a number of plants that will remove different specific toxins from
the air and researchers now recommend using a mix of two or three of them for
every 100 square feet of floor space in your house. While many plants will
only remove one or two of the toxins, there are several plants that remove
all or most of the VOCs listed above. Those are: English Ivy (Hedera helix),
Peace lily (Spathiphyllum "Mauna Loa"), Varigated snake plant, mother in-law's
tongue (Sansevieria trifasciata "Laurentii") and Florist chrysanthemum
(Chrysanthemum morifolium). Of course, their effectiveness depends on the
level of toxicity in the air. One word of caution however, each of the
specific plants listed here are toxic to dogs and cats if ingested.
Be cautious of products you bring into your house, open the windows and
ventilate when you can and bring in a variety of indoor house plants and
know that not only do they make you feel better, but they are improving your
health as well!
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About Linda Lillie
Linda K. Lillie is the President of Sprigs & Twigs, Inc, the premier
landscape design and maintenance, tree care, lawn care, stonework, and carpentry
service provider in southeastern Connecticut since 1997. She is a graduate of
Connecticut College in Botany, a Connecticut Master Gardener and a national
award winning landscape designer for her landscape design and landscape installation work.
